International Journal of Business Management and Entrepreneurship

Using game theory to determine the point of interest sharing in a bilateral contract

2024-04-28T14:48:35+0330

The purpose of this research is to protect the interests of the two parties to the contract, who jointly or separately have requirements and restrictions and expect the details of the agreement to be such that their interests are protected. In fact, this research provides a calculation method for agreement in contracts, which is very frequent in the real world and is a bridge to communicate between humanities and computing sciences. Methodology: In this research, a model based on the game theory mechanism is proposed for the equilibrium point. To clarify the details of the contract, the 4p, 7p, ... models that are in the marketing mix are considered. Binary numbers are used to determine game strategies. And finally, a mathematical model is presented to calculate the consequences of the game. Therefore, research is an interdisciplinary work. Findings and results: The number of strategies in such games is exponential in nature, and with the increase in the number of variables, the problem will become very large and difficult, and its solution will be a challenge. In addition to modeling the problem, the solution algorithm of this model is also presented has been done, and real-world examples are given to clarify the issue.

Budget Management: A Key Lever for Strategic Decision-Making

2024-06-26T00:39:37+0330

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the essential role of budgetary management as a classic management control tool while highlighting its significant implications in public and private organizations. By tracing its historical evolution from its origins in England to its widespread adoption in the private sector, the study demonstrates the growing importance of budgetary management as an essential instrument of strategic decision-making. The fundamentals of the budget system highlight the entire budget process, its alignment with organizational strategies, controllability, and its link to the decision-making system. Control by exception is a crucial approach for efficient budgetary management. As a strategic planning, coordination, and communication tool, it facilitates the achievement of organizational objectives. In addition, budget management acts as a powerful lever for controlling and monitoring achievements, allowing managers to make informed decisions. It also helps motivate and involve employees, thus promoting the company's or public organization's overall performance. By emphasizing that budgetary management is an essential management control tool, going far beyond its simple financial planning function. Its successful integration into the organization's decision-making processes helps improve performance and achieve strategic objectives. Adopting appropriate budgeting methods is essential to maximize its effectiveness, ensuring efficient budget management and the achievement of organizational ambitions.

Examining project management problems in Iran and the world

2024-06-30T12:37:36+0330

Every year, many academic theses are compiled in the field of project management. The problems that are raised as the reason for carrying out theses are sometimes derived from the theoretical gap in the existing literature, and achieving the research problem that is derived from the real context of the projects has been neglected. Perhaps one of the reasons is the lack of parallel communication between university and industry. The result is that a lot of research that takes a lot of time and money from students, is not practical at that time and does not help the existing problems of industry. As a result, in this research, project management problems in Iran have been collected in 163 academic theses through searching in various databases and the participation of a number of students over five years (2017-2021) to be compared with project management problems in the executive environment of Iran's industry. Also, university project management problems in Iran were compared with project management problems in the world (562 articles published in IJPM and PMJ journals). The results showed that Iran's academic sector focuses more on problems such as project control, sustainability and claims, which have a good convergence with Iran's industrial sector in some problems such as sustainability; If most of the world's orientation is on behavioral, governance and emerging technologies problems.

Investigating the relationship between social responsibility and financial performance, financial stability and financial inclusion of banks admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange

2024-08-20T20:08:17+0330

Corporate social responsibility is a strategic decision whereby committed organizations can help solve environmental and social issues with the aim of positively affecting people outside the organization. The importance of financial and non-financial performance of companies is an undeniable issue for organizations as well as social responsibility. Based on this, this article examines the effect of corporate social responsibility on financial performance, participation or financial inclusion and financial stability of banks admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2015 to 2022. The results show that social responsibility has a significant effect on all three dependent variables, so that the ratio of tax to total assets has a positive effect on financial performance (return on assets, return on equity, and net profit margin) and a negative effect on the financial inclusion of banks. The effect of the ratio of the number of employees to total assets also has a negative effect on financial performance, financial stability and financial inclusion

Investigating the Influence of Managers' Androgenic Characteristics on Organizations' Fulfillment of Social Responsibility: Focus on Data Mining and Data Envelopment Analysis Models

2024-09-17T23:04:20+0330

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of androgenic characteristics of managers on the way companies fulfill their social responsibilities. To achieve this research goal, we reviewed the data of 143 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2012 and 2021, which spans nine consecutive years. Then, to examine and analyze the data, we used statistical methods such as regression analysis of combined (panel) data and data mining methods like neural networks and decision trees. We applied Charnes and Cooper's function (1962) to ascertain corporate social responsibility (CSR). Results suggested that the androgenic characteristics of managers had significant positive effects on fulfilling companies' social responsibilities. This research was the first to study the androgenic feature as an independent variable associated with managers' appearance. In other words, in this research, for the first time, a non-financial variable that is related to a person's appearance has been investigated in relation to the way companies fulfill their CSR.

Identifying and ranking factors influencing market research on sales

2024-09-14T19:29:56+0330

Marketing research is one of the important factors that affect marketing performance. Marketing research has several roles in marketing activities such as tracking changes in the market, producing, refining and evaluating marketing measures and monitoring marketing. The medical device market is influenced by several trends and drivers that shape its growth path, including technological advancements, changing consumer behavior, the regulatory environment, macroeconomic considerations, and the emergence of new markets.is. Marketing research can be used for a business Work to determine what new products or services Or Products and services that are currently available, They may be profitable.

The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the influencing factors of market research on sales for medical equipment companies in Tehran. The research method is descriptive-survey in terms of practical purpose, in terms of causal method and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research is medical equipment companies in Tehran, which has a statistical sample of 210 people who use the formulaQ10 has been obtained. The data collection tool in this research was a questionnaire in three stages, this research was carried out using the structural equation method in two exploratory and confirmatory stages and has 4 hypotheses. The first, second and fourth hypotheses have not been rejected and the third hypothesis titled "customer analysis has a significant effect on sales" has been rejected. The results of this research are suggested for use in medical equipment companies.