Integrated Critical Success Factors for Effective ERP Implementation: A Comprehensive Review (2019-2024)

Abstract

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are crucial for enhancing organizational efficiency by integrating vital business functions. However, their implementation often encounters significant challenges, with failure rates as high as 75%. This literature review synthesizes insights from 20 peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024, identifying Critical Success Factors (CSFs) essential for successful ERP implementation across various sectors. Key findings underscore the paramount importance of Top Management Support and leadership, which ensure ERP initiatives align with organizational goals through strategic resource allocation and the cultivation of accountability. User Involvement and Training are also critical, as early engagement minimizes resistance and maximizes system utilization. Additionally, Effective Project Management—encompassing clear timelines, resource allocation, and risk management—helps to avoid delays and cost overruns. The review highlights the significance of Change Management in facilitating smooth transitions and addressing organizational resistance. Moreover, Communication and Stakeholder Collaboration foster an alignment of interests and timely issue resolution. Sector-specific factors, including organizational culture and the impact of emerging technologies like cloud computing and AI, further shape these CSFs, indicating a need for tailored approaches in ERP implementations. These findings reveal the complex, multi-dimensional nature of ERP projects, emphasizing that strategic, sector-specific planning is essential to achieve operational efficiency and leverage the full capabilities of ERP systems. Further research should focus on longitudinal studies to enhance implementation strategies across diverse industries.